June 25, 2008
The thing about Martha’s Vineyard is… (#3)
Posted by brakefortoads under Island observations | Tags: berries, ecology, Martha's Vineyard |1 Comment
There are friggin’ berries everywhere. Almost as many berries as there are poison ivy plants.
MV Berries Primer
- Lowbush Blueberry
These plants are pretty much anywhere that gets sun. We have a lot of open grassland near beaches. They’re common along the edges of forests, too.
We also have highbush blueberries, although they are less common. The plants are shrubs and the berries are larger. I was keeping my eye on one plant, waiting for the fruit to ripen, but someone cut it down when they were doing trail maintenance a couple weeks ago.

Huckleberry
Pretty much everywhere there are lowbush, there are huckleberries, although the huckleberries seem to do a little better in full shade than the blueberries. Not sure if this is true, just an observation. I’d never tasted one before today, they are just ripening. The fruit strongly resembles a blueberry, but it’s larger than the lowbush and darker. The berry is also shiny, not dusty like a blueberry. The plants I’ve seen are about a foot high.

Serviceberry
Also known as shadbush because they bloom when the shad are running in the spring. The name serviceberry has kind of an interesting etymology, too, that I learned about in college while studying the cemetery in Old Jaffrey Center. Before we had backhoes, graves were obviously dug by hand. So when the serviceberry bloomed, it indicated that the ground had thawed enough to bury the winter’s dead. It’s also called Juneberry, for obvious reasons, as well as Saskatoon which is the Cree word for the plant. The fruit is not actually a berry but a pome, which is the same type of fruit as an apple. The pomes are really valuable to wildlife, and they’re pretty tasty. I had my first one of these this morning, too, although I had some difficulty finding a ripe one. The dark pink in the picture is as ripe as they get, but the birds usually devour them before people get a chance.

Dogwood
Dogwoods are common ornamental trees. They’re sort of flowering right now but those big white things you see aren’t the petals- they’re actually modified leaves called bracts, similar to a poinsettia. The berries are drupes, like a raspberry or a blackberry. The gardener on our property told me they are edible and taste “kind of custardy.” Wikipedia tells me that not every species is edible and that some are even mildly toxic, so I think I’ll stay away from that one this summer.

Strawberry
Yet another berry that isn’t a berry! Actually, it’s a berry that’s not a fruit… or is it a fruit that’s not a berry? Let’s just say it’s an anomaly. These are growing all over my front yard, and probably the back, too. Chances are that if you have a yard, you have wild strawberries. They ripen quickly and are eaten just as quickly by wildlife, plus the berries are really hard to see as they hang down to the ground underneath the leaves, so you might not ever notice them unless you are on your hands and knees on the lawn. Strawberries are ripe right now, and although they are only about the size of your pinky nail, they’re really sweet. I think the most I’ve gotten at one time was about a dozen, which is less than a mouthful. Still cool, though, that you can eat stuff you find in your yard.

Bearberry
This is a species I had never noticed before this spring. It grows low on the ground alongside the blueberries and has a similar bell-shaped flower that blooms at the same time. Bears purportedly love it, hence the common name. I didn’t know anything about it, and when I tried to find this photo I learned that it’s also called kinnikinnick, which is an Algonquin word meaning “mixture” because the natives mixed it with tobacco. Wikipedia tells me that “large doses may cause nausea, green urine, bluish-grey skin, vomiting, fever, chills, severe back pain, ringing in the ears” but that it is “relatively safe.” I think I’ll taste a few when they are ripe just to say I tried them, then never eat another one until I am starving in the wilderness. The plant is supposed to have a lot of medicinal uses, which makes me even more surprised I wasn’t familiar with it.
Bilberry
I can’t really paraphrase this information, so here’s a link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilberry
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Grapes
Because, “After all, it IS a vineyard.” I searched and searched for a good picture but this was the best one of a wild grapevine. Maybe tomorrow I’ll go out and take a photo of the vines along the parking lot. There are historically two species of grape on the island and I haven’t determined which one is growing on our property- maybe they both are. You all know about grapes so I won’t bore you with talk of the benefits of red wine, etc.
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Rubus species are also pretty common here. This genus includes raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries. There are hundreds to thousands of species and of course many of them hybridize. I have never taken the time to learn the difference between the plants, I just eat the berries when they come out, red, black, you can tell when they’re ripe! I suspect that most of what I’ve seen are actually blackberries but I won’t know for a while.
